Types of Manhaj in Islam and the Fact about the Teachings

The term manhaj is certainly no longer a foreign term in Islam. Manhaj means a bright path. It is this manhaj adopted which will guide how a person worships. But not all manhaj in Islam is in accordance with what the Apostles teach. Some of them even seem very far from what Rasulullah taught. The following are the types of manhaj in Islam that need to be known:

1. Manhaj Salaf

Salaf means the people who were before. So what is included in the manhaj salaf is among the tabi’in referred to as as-salafush-shalih.

Allah says:

{والسابقون الأولون من المهاجرين والأنصار والذين اتبعوهم بإحسان رضي الله عنهم ورضوا عنه وأعد لهم جنات تجري تحتها الأنهار خالدين فيها أبدا ذلك الفوز العظيم}

“The former people were first of all (converted to Islam) from the Muhajirin and Ansar people and those who followed them well. Allah was pleased with them and they were pleased with Him and Allah provided for they are Gardens which flow in them; they will abide there forever. That is a great victory.” (Qs. At Taubah: 100)

Imam Ibn al-Qayyim said in explaining the hadith above:

“The Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam preached (in this hadith) that the absolute best generation is the generation in his time sallallaahu’ alaihi wa sallam (the companions of radhiyallahu’ anhum), and this implies their dependence in all aspects of goodness (in religion this) because if they are good (only) in some aspects (imperfect and comprehensive) then they will not be named (by the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam as) the best generation absolutely.” Absolute best intentions are the good that is in them is perfect and thorough goodness in all aspects of goodness in religion. (See the Book of I’laamul muwaqqi’iin, 4/136- cet. Daarul Jiil, Beirut, 1973)

2. Manhaj Khawarij

Khawarij appeared at the time of the Prophet sallallaahu ‘Alaihi Wasallam. That is when someone is known as Dzul Khuwaishiroh At Tamimi said to the Prophet sallallaahu Alaihi Wasallam – which at that time he was distributing the spoils of war -, “Just behave, O Messenger of Allah!” Then the Prophet sallallaahu ‘Alaihi Wasallam also replied, “Woe to you, who else will be fair if I do not apply justice.” Seeing this, Umar bin Khattab also said, “Let me kill him, Rasulullah.” The Prophet sallallaahu ‘Alaihi Wasallam also said, “Leave him alone! In fact, he has followers whose prayers feel trivial compared to his prayers, your fasting feels trivial compared to his fast. They are detached from religion as arrows are detached from his bow.” (Narrated by Muslim, (2/743 and 744)

It was called the khawarij because the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam sympathized them with what was in the following hadith,

يَخْرُجُونَ عَلَى حِينِ فُرْقَةٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ

“They came out (khuruj) (appeared) when there was a split in the midst of the Muslims.” (Narrated by Bukhari no. 3414, 5810, 6534 and Muslim no. 1064)

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3. Manhaj Sufi

Manhaj Sufi or Sufism is also not foreigners in Indonesia. The existence of this one manhaj follower also includes many. But manhaj sufi is contrary to all the teachings of the Apostle.

Mr. Hartono Ahmad Jaiz, in his book ‘Tasawuf Belitan Iblis’. He said:

“Abdur Rahman Abdul Khaliq, in his book Al-Fikrus Shufi fi Dhauil Kitab Was Sunnah asserted, it is not precisely known who first became Sufis in the Islamic ummah. Imam Syafi’i when entering the city of Egypt said, “We left the city of Baghdad while there the zindiq (a divert stream, a stream that did not believe in God, came from Persia, people who smuggled into Islam, pretended – according to the Islamic Lexicon, 2, p. 778) have held something new which they call assama (singing). The zindiqs referred to by Shafi’i are Sufis. And what is meant by assama is the songs they sing.”

4. Manhaj Shia

From the various manhaj in Islam, the manhaj shia is manhaj which is actually very contrary to the basic teachings of Islam. The shia themselves were formed when the Apostle died and all the people were busy choosing who was the substitute of the Apostle in leading the country.

Shi’ah believed that the creed of Laa ilaaha illallah and Muhammad the Messenger of Allah must be accompanied by a testimony that Ali was the guardian of Allah. They always repeat it in their adhan and after each prayer and when the person has died mentally. (Kitab Furuu’il Kaafi 3/82)

Shi’ah believed that whoever cursed Abu Bakr, ‘Umar, man Uthman, Mu’awiyah bin Abi Sufyan, yah Aisha, Hafsah radhiyallahu hum anhum every time he finished praying, he really had drawn closer to Allah with his most important approach. (Kitab Furuu’il Kaafi 3/224)

قال شيخ الاسلام ابن تيمية – رحمه الله رحمة واسعة – ((وقد اتفق أهل العلم بالنقل والرواية والاسناد على أن الرافضة أكذب الطوائف, والكذب فيهم قديم, ولهذا كان أئمة الاسلام يعلمون امتيازهم بكثرة الكذب))

Syaikhul Islam Ibn Taimiyah said: “Scientists have agreed that Syi’ah Rafidhah is the most deceitful group and their lies are long and obsolete. Therefore Islamic scholars know their specificity with the many lies that they have.”

((سئل مالك – رحمه الله – عن الرافضة فقال: لاتكلمهم ولا تروي عنهم فإنهم يكذبون.))

Imam Malik rahimahullah was once asked about Rafidhah, he said: “Do not talk to them. Do not narrate from them because they are liars”.

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5. Manhaj Muslim Brotherhood

The manhaj muslim brotherhood is a manhaj which was pioneered by Jamaludin Al-Afghani who believes in a form. An Islamic leader (Muhammad bin Saif Al-A’jami) has told us that Umar Tilimsani, who had served Al-Mursyidu Al-`Am in a Muslim Brotherhood organization for quite a long time, once wrote a book entitled “Syahidu Al- Mihrab Umar bin Al-Khattab (Umar bin Al-Khattab who is martyred in mihrab)”. This book is full of invitations to shirk, such as worshiping graves, allowing worshipers to grave, and praying to Allah Almighty beside the grave.”

Those are some of the manhaj commonly found in Indonesia. Of the several manhaj, only the manhaj salafi or ahlu sunnah wal jamaah really followed the teachings of the Apostle.

From Anas bin Malik, he said: “The Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam said, ‘Verily the Children of Israel are divided into 71 (seventy-one) groups, and in fact my ummah will be divided into 72 (seventy-two) groups, all of whom are in Hell , except for one group, namely “Al-Jama’ah.”

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