Eid al-Adha is one of the Holy Day in Islam that falls on the 10th day of Dhulijjah. At this day Muslim all over the world celebrate the day by sacrificing animal (Qurbani) or this sacred day also called as a feast of sacrifice.
“And complete the Hajj and ‘umrah for Allah. But if you are prevented, then (offer) what can be obtained with ease of sacrificial animals. And do not shave your heads until the sacrificial animal has reached its place of slaughter.
And whoever among you is ill or has an ailment of the head (making shaving necessary must offer) a ransom of fasting (three days) or charity or sacrifice. And when you are secure, then whoever perform ‘umrah (during the Hajj months) followed by Hajj (offers) what can be obtained with ease of sacrificial animals. And whoever cannot find (or afford such an animal) – then a fast of three days during Hajj and of seven when you have returned (home).
Those are ten complete (days). This is for those whose family is not in the area of al-Masjid al-Haram. And fear Allah and know that Allah is severe in penalty.” (QS. Al-Baqarah : 196)
This practice was once initiate by the Prophet Ibrahim as he was ordered by Allah SWT to sacrifice his son, and the Prophet with all his obedience to Him agreed and follow the command of Allah.
But might of Allah, Ibrahim’s son which is the Prophet Ismail saved and both their deed and worship are accepted by Allah SWT. And instead He give a goat to be sacrificed by them. And from here the celebration of Qurbani done by Muslim all over the world. Read also : the virtue of Muharram
Give qurbani as the story above is a great deed for muslims. From Aisha radiallahuanhu narrated that Rasulullah said,
“There is no dearer deed of Ibn Adam in the days of Qurbani than flowing the blood (doing Qurbani) and that animal will come with his horns, hairs, and hooves on the the day of Qayamt. Thee blood of the Qurbani reaches the stage of acceptance before it reaches the floor.” (Narrated by Tirmidhi, Ibn Majah)
From the above hadith it explained how great the deed of Qurbani in islamic view. As we knew that this deed is highly recommended by Rasulullah thus we must learn of ways on how to give a qurbani in Islam.
How to Give Qurbani in Islam
Qurbani is not just slaughtered an animal, but further this act had a lot of virtue and ritual or procedure to be understand for.
1. Niyyah
In islam every kind of action especially worship must be preceded with niyyah or intention, because whether or not our deed accepted by Allah SWT will depend on our intention. And so with the Qurbani there is no exception that the intention of doing this for muslims is solely for Allah SWT.
“Say, ‘Indeed, my prayer, my rites of sacrifice, my living and my dying are for Allah, Lord of the worlds.” (QS. Al-An’am : 162)
“So pray to your Lord and sacrifice (to Him alone).” (QS. Al-Kawthar : 2)
From the above verse it is clear that all the muslims deed should only for the sake of Allah SWT their Creator and to get His blessing so that we will be guarded from the punishment in the Judgement Day . Read also : virtue of shaban in Islam
[AdSense-B]
2. Capability or eligibility
Qurbani demands certain criterias that must be fulfilled in order to be able to perform it. The criterias are the one performing qurbani should be sane, an adult, a muslim both male or female, and they possesses the nisab amount of zakat. And furthermore is that they are possesses wealth that equivalent to the amount of fifty two and half tolas of silver in which it was excess their basic needs.
3. Time of Qurbani
There is a guidelince that the time of qurbani is specific and extremely importance in Islamic practice. Which is qurbani can only be performed after the Eid Al-Adha prayer from the 10th of Dzulhijjah to 12th Dzulhijjah, or in other way muslims only have 3 days of performing qurbani. As explained in the following hadith :
“Rasulullah said, ‘Whoever slaughtered the sacrifice before the prayer, he just slaughtered it for himself, and whoever slaughtered it after the prayer, he slaughtered it at the right time and followed the tradition of the Muslims.” (Narrated by Bukhari)
“Whoever has slaughtered his sacrifice before the prayer, should repeat it (slaughter another sacrifice).” (Narrated by Bukhari)
It is clearly said that the timing of qurbani should be precise since if we missed the time than it will no longer accepted. Read also : virtue of doing umrah during Ramadhan
4. The sacrificed animal must met the criteria
If we want to perform qurbani we must confirm that the sacrifice animal is healthy and had no defects. Since Rasulullah forbid qurbani with an unhealthy animal or an animal that the ear has been cuted or the horn is broken. For the type of animal it could be a goat, sheep, cow, bull, buffalo, or even a camel.
“And the camels and cattle We have appointed for you as among the symbols of Allah, for you therein is good. So mention the name of Allah upon them when lined up (for sacrifice), and when they are (lifeless) on their sides, then eat from them and feed the needy and the beggar. Thus have We subjected them to you that you may be grateful.” (QS. Al-Haj : 36)
[AdSense-A] After the above criterias are fullfiled than we must pay attention on the processing of slaughtering the sacrifice animals. These are the procedur on how to give qurbani in Islam :
5. The Slaughterer
It recommended that the slaughteres of qurbani is it shohibul (the owner) if he was able, but if he can not do it, it could be represented and he watch the whole process. Read also : importance of obedience in Islam
6. The tools
the knife used to slaughtered the animal should be sharp and suggested be sharpened away from the sacrificial animals.
“Indeed Allah obliges to do ihsan in all things. If you kill then kill with ihsan, if you slaughter, slaughter it with ihsan. You should sharpen the knife and please the sacrificial.” (Narrated by Muslim)
7. Direction
It mentioned in Mausu’ah Fiqhiyah, that the sacrificial animal must be face to the direction of qibla in the organt that will be slaughtered (the neck), since it was the direction to be closed to Allah SWT.
8. Reading basmallah & takbeer
“And do not eat of that upon which the name of Allah has not been mentioned, for indeed, it is grave disobedience. And indeed do the devils inspire their allies (among men) to dispute with you. And if you were to obey them, indeed you would be associate (of others with Him).” (QS. Al-An’am : 121)
It hightly recommended to read takbeer (Allahu Akbar) after reading basmallah since it is paramount to ensuring a successful and acceptable qurbani.
10. The place
“Rasulullah SAW slaughtered the sacrificial animal in the field where the Eid Al-Adha prayer was held.” (Narrated by Bukhari from Ibn Umar)
11. The slaughtered must be quick
To prevent the animal felt tortured or severe in pain the slaughtered must be precise and as quick as possible.
12. Saying the shohibul name
It is recommended even not mandatory to say the shohibul name before slaughtering the animal and read dua afterwards in order the qurbani being accepted by Allah SWT.
“hadza minka wa laka.” (Narrated by Abu Dawud) or
“hadza minka wa laka ‘ann or ‘an fulan (mentioned the name of the sohibu qurbani). If it is not the shohibul qurbani who slaughtered the animal.
Or they also could pray to Allah to accepted their qurbani by dua, “Allahuma taqabbal minni or min fulan (mentioned the name of shohibul qurbani). Read also : ways to earn good deeds in Islam
13. The qurbani meat
The meat of the qurbani is allowed to consume by the owner and could be distributed to relatives or friends or neighbours whether they are poor or wealthy even Muslims or non-Muslims.
We must take a notes that the butcher should not be payed by the qurbani meat, skin, etc. We should pay them by another method such as money and so forth.
14. A Qurbani on behalf of the Deceased
It is permissable to perform qurbani for the deceased one, for whomever have an excess of wealthy than they could perform it. And it is recommended by the scholars even by Rasulullah SAW in the following hadith:
“This is on behalf of every one of my Ummah who believed in me and testified (to my prophethood).” (Narrated by Tabrani)
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