Dogs are one of the forbidden animals in Islam. Allah himself has explained his prohibition in the Qur’an,
From Abu Hurairah, Rasulullah sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam said,
كُلُّ ذِي نَابٍ مِنْ السِّبَاعِ فَأَكْلُهُ حَرَامٌ
“Every fanged beast, then eating it is haram.” (HR. Muslim no. 1933)
From Abu Mas’ud Al Anshori, he said,
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ – صلى الله عليه وسلم – نَهَى عَنْ ثَمَنِ الْكَلْبِ وَمَهْرِ الْبَغِىِّ وَحُلْوَانِ الْكَاهِنِ
“Rasulullah sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam absolutely prohibits from selling dogs wage, salary and wage predictor prostitute.” (HR. Bukhari no. 2237)
Prohibition dogs make a dog belonging to the heavy impure or mughallazah. In Islam, heavy impure or mughallazah must be cleaned in a separate way, namely by watering it seven times and once with the soil.
Rasulullah sallallaahu’alaihi Wasallam said:
طَهُورُ إِنَاءِ أَحَدِكُمْ إِذَا وَلَغَ فِيهِ الْكَلْبُ، أَنْ يَغْسِلَهُ سَبْعَ مَرَّاتٍ أُولَاهُنَّ بِالتُّرَابِ
“The way to purify a vessel from someone among you if you lick a dog is to wash it seven times, the first laundry uses land” (HR. Al Bukhari no. 182, Muslim no. 279).
Then what about the floor that is exposed to impure dogs? Before answering this question, it must be considered first what unclean what hit the floor?
If saliva, urine, or dog poop are on the floor, then it must be cleaned as above. But so that dirt does not spread everywhere, it is better to wipe it first, then clean it by watering it using clean water 7 times and interspersed with soil once.
However, if the dirt is just a dog’s footprints, as is the case in Bali where the porch of a house without a fence is often passed by dogs, then the treatment for cleaning the dog is not necessary to use water as much as 7 times.
[AdSense-B]
This is consistent with the explanation of Shaykh al-Islam in his book,
Regarding dogs, there are three opinion scholars who are quite well known:
- First, all dogs are unclean, including their fur. This is the opinion of Imam Syafii and Imam Ahmad in one of his opinions
- Second, dogs are all impure, including their saliva. This is the opinion of Imam Malik according to the famous statement.
- Third, dogs, their saliva is excrement, while their fur is not impure. This is the opinion of Imam Abu Hanifah according to the famous statement and one of Imam Ahmad’s opinions.
Strong opinion in this matter, that the status of dog hair is not unclean, not as saliva. For this reason, if there is a dog’s hair wet with water then on someone’s clothes, he is not required to wash it. This is the opinion of the majority of scholars, such as Abu Hanifah, Malik, and Ahmad in one of the narrations. (Al-Fatawa Al-Kubro, 1: 284 – 285)
But we are more inclined to the third opinion that dog hair is not unclean as long as it is not exposed to saliva. This is based on the word said by Allah which states that the origin of something is actually sacred and the proposition is what strengthens its prohibition. While the proposition found is only about saliva, not the entire body of the dog.
Allah says, “Allah has explained in detail everything that He forbids for you, unless you are forced to.” (Surat al-Anam: 119)
[AdSense-C]
Rasulullah sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam said, “Halal things are everything that Allah permits in His book, haram objects are everything that Allah forbids in His book. As for what Allah has allowed, that is what He has allowed. “(Narrated by Tirmidhi, Abu Daud, Ibn Majah, and Al-Albani)
Therefore, if what is on the floor is unclean dog footprints, it is sufficiently cleaned as to treat being unclean, that is, cleaned until there is no more color, appearance, or aroma. If the dog’s footprints on the floor are not too dirty, then just being doused with water is enough. The same thing applies when a Bedouin Arab defecates in the mosque section.
Anas bin Malik radhiallahu’anhu, he said:
جَاءَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ فَبَالَ فِي طَائِفَةِ المَسْجِدِ، فَزَجَرَهُ النَّاسُ، «فَنَهَاهُمُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَلَمَّا قَضَى بَوْلَهُ أَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِذَنُوبٍ مِنْ مَاءٍ فَأُهْرِيقَ عَلَيْهِ»
“An arab Badwi pee in one part of the mosque, then people were going to scold him. But Rasulullah sallallaahu’alaihi wasallam them. When he finished urinating, the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wasallam ordered to flush his urine with a bucket of water “(Narrated by Bukhari no. 221, Muslim no. 284).
However, if the dog’s footprints look difficult to clean, then it should be brushed or mopped to remove scars.
Rasulullah sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam has explained the way for purifying it,
تحته ثم تقر صه بالماء وتنضحه وتصلي قيه
“Brushing, then rubbing with water then watering it, and only then can he do the prayer by wearing (the clothes). ” (Shahih, riwayat Bukhari (no. 227) dan Muslim (no. 240 dan 291))
That’s the way to clean an unclean dog on the floor that needs to be known. Thus this article. Hopefully it can add to our knowledge of fiqh.