The scholars mentioned that suicide is a great sin. Because this deed is a form of a person’s impatience while facing on a test, despair and precedes the shari’a will of Allah including the Purpose of Human Creation, the Process of Human Creation, the Nature of Human Creation, the Concept of Human in Islam, and Humanity According to Islam.
Though Allah is very fond of his servant and forbade suicide. Allah expects that human being will build a good life in the world, but instead they give up and end his life. Suicide is not the solution of a problem. This will not help us in the afterlife. Emile Durkhem a French sociologists divide suicide into 3 types seen from the social aspects as follows :
1. Suicide is Egoistic
A person who can not stand on socializing when in a particular society or social group so that it causes the death rate in the city is higher than in rural areas. Read also : how to deal with emotional pain
2. Suicide is Altruistic
Someone who is oversocialize in a particular society or social group so that it will leads him to all traditions and norms within although it must commit suicide like harakiri occurred in Japan.
3. Suicide is Anomic
Someone who has a balance disorder on socializing in society till that he does not have a norms to grips such as a divorced person or a person who experienced a major failure in his business. Read also : importance of subh azan
The Verses of Al-Qur’an and Hadith that Forbid Suicide
Allah gave a commandment :
“And do not kill yourselves (or one another). Indeed, Allah is to you ever Merciful.” (QS. An-Nisa : 29)
Imam Abu ‘Ja’far ath-Thabari Rahimahullah said
“Let not some of you kill some of others, whereas you are one’s religion one da’wah and one belief. Allah SWT makes all Muslims, some of them and as part of anothers. Allah SWT likens the position of the one who kills his fellow Muslims equal to the one who kills himself because the person who kill and killed is one hand settling their both religious differences” (Tafsir of Ath-Thabari 8 : 229)
Imam Ibn Katsir rahimahullah said,
“The word Allah Azza wa Jalla (which means), ‘And do not kill yourself’, that is by breaking the affairs forbidden by Allah Azza wa Jalla and doing disobediences toward Him, and by eating wealth among you by vanity way.” (Tafsir of Al-Qur’anul ‘Azhim, 2 : 269)
Imam Al-Baghawi rahimahullah said,
“And do not kill yourself.”
Whereas in Surah Al-Baqarah 2: 195 affirms that
“And spend in the way of Allah and do not throw (yourselves) with your (own) hands into destruction (by refraining). And do good, indeed, Allah loves the doers of good.”
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Then, the three meanings about the above verses are :
- The prohibition of killing fellow Muslims because we are one body
- The prohibition of killing yourself
- The prohibition violates Allah’s prohibition since it result on self-destruction
Abu Hurairah Radhiyallahu anhu, the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam, he said :
“Whoever threw himself from a mountain and then committed suicide, he will enter the fire of Helliest Hell, stay for a long time and be made in there forever. And whoever drinks poison then kills himself, then the poison will be in his hands that will be drunk onward in the Helliest Hell, stay for a long time, made to stay forever in the Helliest Hell. And whoever kills him with iron, his iron will always be in his hands, stabbing his stomach, stay for a long time and made by Allah to stay forever in the Helliest Hell.” (Hadith of Al-Bukhari : 5778, Muslim : 109, narrated by Al-Bukhari)
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How to Avoid from Being Suicidal
Again, suicide is not something recommended by Allah, it is not a good thing and not a solution for our problems. Had not Allah clearly forbid this action and put it into the Helliest Hell. And here belows are ways that human being, especially Muslims to be free and released from suicidal actions that will put him into the helliest hell :
1. Surrender Life to Allah SWT
If people have faith and believe in the Pillars of Allah such as Pillars of Islam and the Rule of Faith of course he will avoid suicide. The person who surrenders life and feels his life is always with Allah will always believe that the problem faced is not too big since Allah will help His servant who is encountering problems and difficulties.
Muslims who have faith and believe in it will assume that Allah is more powerful than another except Allah SWT. Would not Allah not give a test beyond the capabilities of His people? Say and believe that no matter how big the problem is, we have a greater Allah SWT. Read also : importance of faith in Islam
2. World is not The Purpose of Life
In this life there is no perfect things and it will always be problems arising befell on human beings. Just as the essence of human beings who always change between likes, sorrows and feelings of neutrality. So do not make the world as the ultimate human purposes.
The World according to Islam is a temporary shelter to prepare a reward as a provision in the afterlife. Humans who commit suicide are those who make human being as the ultimate goal. Though Allah has promised ease after distress, after the life of the world is in the hereafter.
3. Seeing People in Trouble
If we are experiencing difficulties and distress, then look at those who have more difficulty than us. By looking at the people who are experiencing difficulties, it will train us to always be grateful and feeling lucky that there are other favors that we feel that we can understand the Islamic way of happiness in the world’s life well. Read also : how to get rid yourself of jealousy in Islam
4. Always Try to be Grateful and Thankful for Allah’s Favor
How to be grateful according to Islam is something that must be done when facing problems and difficulties that occur in our lives. The human who always strives to be grateful will be lightened his burden and Allah always add more favors to him since people who are always grateful will always look for other favors that Allah already given.
He will not think of any other problem, but is busy thinking about the other favors given by Allah. An example is to be grateful for the rain fall.
5. Gather with the pious People
The pious people will always positioning and conditioning themselves for always live by the rules and values of Islam. They will always encourage us to do good, be grateful for all the favors, distancing ourselves from suicide, ease us and reminds each other.
Together with the pious people, we will always get advice, enlightenment and distance ourselves from the behaviors and actions that harming us from actions that are forbidden by Allah and make our souls become calm always. Read also : tips of anger management
Thus are the prohibition on suicide in Islam. Getting closer to Allah for always improving our faith in order to prevent us from suicidal actions. May be useful.