Types of zakat in Islam come into two types which call as the Zakat Al-Mal and Zakat Al Fitri. Those two become the importance of obligatory charity for Muslims that is a bit different from some types of Sadaqah in Islam, which they should pay under some conditions based on Islamic law.
Zakat becomes part of the five pillars of Islam, which are represented in the third pillar. It is typical of obligatory charity in Islamic law that required to pay for what Muslims have under their wealth. It can be money, gold, and another wealth type even cryptocurrency that comes to the Nisab.
Types of zakat in Islam are taken by the Islamic law which aims to the poor and the needy. It is written on the Quran surah At Taubah verse 60 to whoever the one that should receive the zakat.
اِنَّمَا الصَّدَقٰتُ لِلْفُقَرَاۤءِ وَالْمَسٰكِيْنِ وَالْعَامِلِيْنَ عَلَيْهَا وَالْمُؤَلَّفَةِ قُلُوْبُهُمْ وَفِى الرِّقَابِ وَالْغَارِمِيْنَ وَفِيْ سَبِيْلِ اللّٰهِ وَابْنِ السَّبِيْلِۗ فَرِيْضَةً مِّنَ اللّٰهِ ۗوَاللّٰهُ عَلِيْمٌ حَكِيْمٌ – ٦٠
“Verily, zakat is only for the needy, the poor, the Amil Zakat, the softened hearts (converts), for (liberating) slaves, for (freeing) people who are in debt, for Allah, and for the deep path, as an obligation from Allah SWT. God. Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.” (QS 9:60)
Speaking of which, now we have some of the types of zakat in Islam in the appearance of the Zakat Al-Mal dan Zakat Al Fitr in daily life. Let’s check them out below!
1. Zakat Al Fitr
Zakat Al Fitr becomes one of the types of zakat that should be paid by every Muslim on Ramadhan. Commonly it happens during the last of Ramadhan, which represents purifying the Muslim heart into the Fitr condition.
Such as the function of zakat as a purification thing towards Allah, Zakat becomes an obligatory charity for Muslims that should be paid whether they are rich or poor under the rule of the Zakat Al Fitr. It is also mentioned in the Quran surah At Taubah verse 103.
خُذْ مِنْ اَمْوَالِهِمْ صَدَقَةً تُطَهِّرُهُمْ وَتُزَكِّيْهِمْ بِهَا وَصَلِّ عَلَيْهِمْۗ اِنَّ صَلٰوتَكَ سَكَنٌ لَّهُمْۗ وَاللّٰهُ سَمِيْعٌ عَلِيْمٌ – ١٠٣
“Take zakat from their wealth, cleanse and purify them, and pray for them. Verily, your prayer (grows) peace of mind for them. Allah is All-Hearing, All-Knowing.” (QS 9:103)
2. Zakat on Gold and Silver
Zakat on Gold and Silver are the type of zakat al-Mal that should be paid by Muslims who own the gold for the Nisab. To start paying the zakat of their gold, it has to be meet the Haul period to complete it first.
For the gold that intend to use, the Nisab is 860 grams of Uruf. As for the gold that is not intended to use, the Nisab is 86 grams. That is why it is important for Muslims to know better about virtual gold investment from an Islamic perspective.
If Muslims did not pay the zakat for those gold and silver, Allah will punish them. It mentions on the Quran surah At Taubah verse 34 below.
وَالَّذِيْنَ يَكْنِزُوْنَ الذَّهَبَ وَالْفِضَّةَ وَلَا يُنْفِقُوْنَهَا فِيْ سَبِيْلِ اللّٰهِ ۙفَبَشِّرْهُمْ بِعَذَابٍ اَلِيْمٍۙ – ٣٤
“And those who keep gold and silver and do not spend them in the way of Allah, then give them the good news, (that they will have) a painful punishment.” (QS 9:34)
3. Zakat on Saving
Zakat on saving becomes one of the types of zakat al-Mal, which should be paid by every Muslim that has a saving amount. The saving amount should meet the Nisab and hold for a period of Haul (355 days in Hijri calendar).
Zakat on saving should be paid in the minimum amount of 2.5% from the average saving that Muslims had. It also includes some of the investments which Muslims should know about the Islamic law of online investment. In the Quran surah At Taubah verse 35 mentions that if Muslims keep their saving for themselves, Allah will punish them as well.
هٰذَا مَا كَنَزْتُمْ لِاَنْفُسِكُمْ فَذُوْقُوْا مَا كُنْتُمْ تَكْنِزُوْنَ – ٣٥
“This is the property that you keep for yourself, so feel (the result of) what you keep.” (QS 9:35)
4. Zakat on Business
Zakat on Business becomes one of the types of zakat Al Mal. It should be paid from Muslims that doing business which their benefits meet the Nisab. The zakat is included the current asset of the business, shares, online business an Islamic perspective, and other assets which have to be considered at the end of the year.
All of the asset of the business from the Muslims becomes the wealth that should be paid for the zakat at the rate of 2.5% from them. It mentions on the Quran surah Al Baqarah verse 267 below.
يٰٓاَيُّهَا الَّذِيْنَ اٰمَنُوْٓا اَنْفِقُوْا مِنْ طَيِّبٰتِ مَا كَسَبْتُمْ وَمِمَّآ اَخْرَجْنَا لَكُمْ مِّنَ الْاَرْضِ ۗ
“O, you who believe! Spend some of the results of your good deeds and some of what We put out for you from the earth.” (QS 2:267)
5. Zakat on Livestock
Zakat on livestock becomes one of the types of zakat Al Mal. It looks similar to the zakat on business but focuses on livestock such as cows, goats, and other live stocks. The livestock should meet the Nisab that will count by the age and the number of the livestock.
Such mentions on the Quran Az Zariyat verse 19 below.
وَفِيْٓ اَمْوَالِهِمْ حَقٌّ لِّلسَّاۤىِٕلِ وَالْمَحْرُوْمِ – ١٩
“And in their property, there is a right for the poor who ask and the poor who do not ask.” (QS 51:19)
So, there are some of the types of the Zakat Al-Mal and Zakat al Fitr which represent in daily life. Most of them become part of types of Zakat in Islam based on two basic zakats. Have you ever paid one of them?