Islam is indeed a very perfect religion. Every life aspect has its own rules in Islamic sharia. One of them is about defecation. A good and obedient Muslim of course will be civilized in defecation. The following are 7 manners of defecation in Islam and its verses that need to be practiced:
1. Doing it in a closed place
It is not possible for a good Muslim to defecate in an open place. Do the defecation in a place that is not seen by other people to keep aurat during we defecate.
From Jabir bin ‘Abdillah radhiyallahu ‘anhu, he said,
خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- فِى سَفَرٍ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- لاَ يَأْتِى الْبَرَازَ حَتَّى يَتَغَيَّبَ فَلاَ يُرَى.
“We once went out with the Prophet shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam when safar, he did not defecate in an open place, however he went to a distant place until it was not visible and seen.” (Hadith Ibnu Majah no. 335. Syaikh Al Albani said that this hadith is sahih)
2. Praying
As other deeds, defecation must also be done with praying first. However, read the prayer before entering the defecation place or read it silently. The prayer that is read is a request so that we are protected from the evil jinn disturbance during defecation because satan is usually in a defecation place.
بِسْمِ اللهِ، اَللّهُمَّ إِنِّيْ أَعُوْذُ بِكَ مِنَ الْخُبُثِ وَالْخَبَائِثِ.
“In the name of Allah. O Allah, I seek protection to You from male satan and female satan.”
The Prophet shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam said,
سِتْرٌ مَا بَيْنَ الْجِنِّ وَعَوْرَاتِ بَنِي آدَمَ إِذَا دَخَلَ أَحَدُكُمُ الْخَلاَءَ أَنْ يَقُوْلَ: بِسْمِ اللهِ.
“The barrier between jinn and aurat of the children of Adam if one of you enters al khalaa’ is saying, “Bismillah”.” (Shahih: [Shahih al-Jaami’ush Shaghiir (no. 3611)], Sunan at-Tirmidzi (II/59/ no. 603) this is the lafaz. Sunan Ibnu Majah (I/109 no. 297), with the lafaz: إِذَا دَخَلَ الْكَنِيْفَ. “If entering al kaniif”)
3. Do not face or have your back towards qibla
Defecating by not having your back towards qibla is done both indoor or outdoor. This is according to the Prophet’s command.
From Abu Ayyub al-Anshari radhiyallahu ‘anhu, from the Prophet shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam, he said,
إِذَا أَتَيْتُمُ الْغَائِطَ فَلاَ تَسْتَقْبِلُوا الْقِبْلَةَ وَلاَ تَسْتَدْبِرُوْهَا، وَلَكِنْ شَرِّقُوا أَوْ غَرِّبُوْا.
“If you want to defecate, do not face and have your back towards qibla. However, face to the east or the west.”
4. Do not bring a stuff that has the lafaz of Allah
The lafaz of Allah is too pure to be brought to a place that is full of dirt, such as a defecation place. Then take off any attributes that contain the lafaz of Allah, such as bracelets, rings, necklaces, or clothes. You can wear it again after leaving the bathroom.
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Allah Ta’ala says,
ذَلِكَ وَمَنْ يُعَظِّمْ شَعَائِرَ اللَّهِ فَإِنَّهَا مِنْ تَقْوَى الْقُلُوبِ
“Thus (the command of Allah). And whoever glorifies the signs of Allah, then indeed, it appears from the piety of hearts.” (QS. Al-Hajj: 32)
From Anas bin Malik, he said,
كَانَ النَّبِىُّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- إِذَا دَخَلَ الْخَلاَءَ وَضَعَ خَاتَمَهُ
“When the Prophet shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam entered the bathroom, he put his ring.”. However, this hadith is a denial hadith that is denied by many hadith researchers. However, his ring was indeed inscribed, “Muhammad Rasulullah”. (Hadith Al-Bukhari no. 5872 and Muslim no. 2092)
5. Do not defecate anywhere
Defecation should be done in a certain place where there are no living creatures that live in it. Defecating in the place of living creatures is an insult to the other creatures of Allah.
From Abu Hurairah, the Prophet shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam said,
« اتَّقُوا اللَّعَّانَيْنِ ». قَالُوا وَمَا اللَّعَّانَانِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ « الَّذِى يَتَخَلَّى فِى طَرِيقِ النَّاسِ أَوْ فِى ظِلِّهِمْ ».
“Be careful with al la’anain (people who are cursed by human)!” The companions asked, “Who is al la’anain (people who are cursed by human), O Rasulullah?” He said, “They are people who defecate in the way and place of human.”
6. Be silent
When we defecate, we should be silent and should not do anything other than finish the defecation immediately. Do not talk unless there is a need that is more urgent. This was shown by the Prophet’s attitude when someone gave him greetings when he defecated.
From Ibnu ‘Umar radhiyallahu ‘anhuma, he said,
أَنَّ رَجُلاً مَرَّ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- يَبُولُ فَسَلَّمَ فَلَمْ يَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِ.
“There was someone who passed the Prophet shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam and he was urinating. At that time, that person said greetings, however he did not answer it.”
Syaikh Abu Malik said, “We have known that answering greetings is an obligation. When defecating, the Prophet shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam left it, then this shows that it is forbidden to talk at that time, even more if the conversation contains dhikr to Allah Ta’ala. However, if someone talks because there is a need that must be done at that time, such as showing a way to people (when asked at that time) or want to ask for water and something like that, then it is allowed at that time because of the emergency reasons. Wallahu a’lam.” (Shahih Fiqh Sunnah, 1/95)
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7. Istinja’
If we have finished defecating, you should istinja’ so that we clean again. In addition to obeying the command of Allah and the sunnah of the Prophet, also keeping the health of the body itself.
From Anas bin Malik, he said,
كَانَ النَّبِىُّ – صلى الله عليه وسلم – إِذَا خَرَجَ لِحَاجَتِهِ أَجِىءُ أَنَا وَغُلاَمٌ مَعَنَا إِدَاوَةٌ مِنْ مَاءٍ . يَعْنِى يَسْتَنْجِى بِهِ
“When the Prophet shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam came out to defecate, a child who is the same age as me and I came to bring a bucket of water, then he did istinja’ with it.”
Those are 7 manners of defecation in Islam and its verses that need to know. That is all for this brief article. Hopefully we can practice it in the daily life. Aamiin.